1.1.2          ICT In Everyday Life: Education, Banking, Industry and Commerce
1.1.2.1               List the usage of ICT in everyday life.

                a) EDUCATION
Today, most schools and higher educational institutions have computers in the classroom for teacher and students. In education, teachers, students, researchers and school administrators benefits from the usage of ICT.
                                                b) BANKING
The computer is the nerve centre of the banking system around the world. It functions to control the entire banking system that also includes ‘Electronic Banking Services’. Electronic banking provides 24 hour services. The services include :
Automated Teller Machine (ATM)
Cheque Deposit
Electronic Fund Tranfer
Direct Deposit
Pay by phone system
Personal computer banking/ internet banking

In the banking sector, customers, businessman and bank administrator benefits from the usage of ICT.

                                                c) INDUSTRY
Computers are used to facilitate production planning and control systems, to support chain management and to help in product design in the industrial sector. In the industrial sector ,workers, researchers and administrator benefits from the usage of ICT.

                                                d) E-COMMERCE
E-commerce helps in boosting the economy. It makes buying and selling activities easier, more efficient and faster. For this application, computers, Internet and shared software are needed.
In the e-commerce sector ,customers r, suppliers and employees benefits from the usage of ICT.

1.1.2.2                   State the differences between computerized and non-computerized systems.
               
BEFORE ICT (non-computerized)
WITH ICT (computerized)
EDUCATION
Traditional – Chalk and talk
education is the science of teaching and learning of specific skills
Using only book and paper/magazine
it also imparts knowledge, good judgment and wisdom
BANKING SYSTEM
banking was done manually  by taking deposits directly
all transactions are done by computers
transactions can only be made during working hours
transaction can be done at anytime and place
takes time to approve any loan applications
online services, phone banking system, credit cards are available
INDUSTRY
Production was slow because everything was done manually and totally depended on human labour.
Computers and telecommunications industry became very popular and
profitable since production can be increased through an all day operation.
COMMERCE
Commerce is an activity of exchanging, buying and selling of commodities on a large scale involving transportation from place to place.
E-commerce plays an important role in the economic scene. It includes distribution, buying, selling and servicing products that are done electronically.
Trading was made using the barter system and it was then later developed into currency.
Advertisement was in the form of word of mouth, billboards and printed flyers.
Trading globally was extremely slow, late and expensive. Traders had to find ways to market local products in the global market.


1.1.2.3                                State the impact of ICT on society.
FASTER COMMUNICATION SPEED
In the past, it took a long time for any news or messages to be send. Now with the Internet, news or messages are sent via e-mail to friends, business partners or to anyone efficiently. With the capability of bandwidth, broadband and connection speed on the Internet, any information can travel fast and at an instant. It saves time and is inexpensive.

LOWER COMMUNICATION COST
Using the Internet is cost-effective than the other modes of communication such as telephone, mailing or courier service.  It allows people to have access to large amounts of data at a very low cost. With the Internet we do not have to pay for any basic services provided by the Internet. Furthermore, the cost of connection to the Internet is relatively cheap.

RELIABLE MODE OF COMMUNICATION
Computers are reliable. With the internet, information could be accessed and retrieved from anywhere and at anytime. This makes it a reliable mode of communication. However, the input to the computer is contributed by humans. If the data passed to the computer is faulty, the result will be faulty as well. This is related to the term GIGO. GIGO is a short form for Garbage In Garbage Out. It refers to the quality of output produced according to the input. Normally bad input produces bad output.

EFFECTIVE SHARING OF INFORMATION
With the advancement of  ICT, information can be shared by people all around the world. People can share and exchange opinions, news and information through discussion groups, mailing list and forums on the Internet. This enable knowledge sharing which  will contribute to the development of knowledge based society.

PAPERLESS ENVIRONMENT
ICT technology has created the term paperless environment. This term means information can be stored and retrieved through the digital medium instead of paper. Online communication via emails, online chat and instant messaging also helps in creating the paperless environment.

BORDERLESS COMMUNICATION
Internet offers fast information retrieval, interactivity, accessibility and versatility. It has become a borderless sources for services and information.  Through the Internet, information and communication can be borderless.


SOCIAL PROBLEMS
There are some negative effects of ICT. It has created social problems in the society. Nowadays, people tend to choose online communication rather than having real time conversations. People tend to become more individualistic and introvert.

Another negative effect of ICT is :
fraud
identity theft
Pornography
Hacking

This will result a moral decedent and generate threads to the society.

HEALTH PROBLEMS
A computer may harm users if they use it for long hours frequently. Computer users are also exposed to bad posture, eyestrain, physical and mental stress. In order to solve the health problems, an ergonomic environment can be introduced. For example, an ergonomic chair can reduces back strain and a screen filter is used to minimize eye strain.